Agriculture Crop Production in India – UPSC Notes – Indian Geography

The Final Estimates for 2022-23 Crop Production, released by the Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, reveal a significant milestone. According to these estimates, total food grain production in the country has reached a record 3296.87 Lakh tonnes. This figure marks an increase of 140.71 Lakh tonnes compared to the production of 3156.16 Lakh tonnes achieved in 2021-22. Moreover, the production for 2022-23 exceeds the average production of the previous five years (2017-18 to 2021-22) by 308.69 Lakh tonnes.

The total food grain production in the country has surged to a record 3296.87 lakh tonnes.

Union Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Minister Shri Narendra Singh Tomar attributes this record production to the dedication of farmers and agricultural scientists, as well as the efficient implementation of government schemes under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi. This collaborative effort has led to significant growth in the agriculture sector, exemplified by the historic food grains production.

Final Estimates for 2022-23 indicate the production of major crops

• Foodgrains: 3296.87 Lakh tonnes.
• Rice: 1357.55 Lakh tonnes.
• Wheat: 1105.54 Lakh tonnes.
• Nutri / Coarse Cereals: 573.19 Lakh tonnes.
• Maize: 380.85 Lakh tonnes.
• Pulses: 260.58 Lakh tonnes.
  • Tur: 33.12 Lakh tonnes.
  • Gram: 122.67 Lakh tonnes.
• Oilseeds: 413.55 Lakh tonnes.
  • Groundnut: 102.97 Lakh tonnes.
  • Soyabean: 149.85 Lakh tonnes.
  • Rapeseed and Mustard: 126.43 Lakh tonnes.
• Sugarcane: 4905.33 Lakh tonnes.
• Cotton: 336.60 Lakh bales (of 170 kg each).
• Jute & Mesta: 93.92 Lakh bales (of 180 kg each).

Total production of Rice during 2022-23 hits a record 1357.55 Lakh tonnes. This marks an increase of 62.84 Lakh tonnes compared to the previous year’s production of 1294.71 Lakh tonnes, and a significant leap of 153.65 Lakh tonnes above the average of the last five years, standing at 1203.90 Lakh tonnes.

Wheat production for 2022-23 also reaches a record 1105.54 Lakh tonnes, surpassing the previous year’s production of 1077.42 Lakh tonnes by 28.12 Lakh tonnes. It also exceeds the average production of 1057.31 Lakh tonnes by 48.23 Lakh tonnes.

Nutri / Coarse Cereals production is estimated at 573.19 Lakh tonnes, showing a significant increase of 62.18 Lakh tonnes compared to 2021-22. Furthermore, it surpasses the average production by 92.79 Lakh tonnes, with Shree Anna contributing 173.20 Lakh tonnes.

Total Pulses production for 2022-23 stands at 260.58 Lakh tonnes, exceeding the average of the last five years by 14.02 Lakh tonnes.

Total Oilseeds production in the country during 2022-23 sets a record at 413.55 Lakh tonnes, outpacing the production of 2021-22 by 33.92 Lakh tonnes. Moreover, it surpasses the average production by 73.33 Lakh tonnes.

The total production of Sugarcane in 2022-23 reaches 4905.33 Lakh tonnes, showing a substantial increase from the previous year’s production of 4394.25 Lakh tonnes.

Cotton production for 2022-23 is 336.60 Lakh bales (of 170 kg each), marking an increment of 25.42 Lakh bales compared to the previous year. Meanwhile, Jute & Mesta production is estimated at 93.92 Lakh bales (of 180 kg each).

Conclusion

India, the world’s second-most populous country, boasts Indian lands renowned as prime sources of irrigation. The agricultural crop year spans from July to June, during which a diverse array of Major Crops are cultivated, bolstering the nation’s economic growth and harmony. Through adaptation to climate and seasonal changes, India sustains self-sufficiency in essential crop production, ensuring sustainability. This robust agricultural sector not only creates livelihood opportunities but also exhibits resilience over time.

FAQs on Agriculture Crop Production in India

Q. What percentage of GDP is Indian agriculture?

Indian agriculture contributes approximately X% to the country’s GDP.

Q. What are the four types of agriculture in India?

The four main types of agriculture in India are subsistence farming, commercial farming, intensive farming, and extensive farming.

Q. What are the issues in the field of agriculture in India?

Some key issues in Indian agriculture include inadequate infrastructure, water scarcity, low productivity, fragmented land holdings, and farmer distress.

Q. What is the current status of Indian agriculture?

The current status of Indian agriculture shows a mix of challenges and opportunities, with efforts being made to modernize farming practices, improve productivity, and address sustainability concerns.

Q. What is the future of agriculture in India?

The future of agriculture in India holds promise with advancements in technology, sustainable practices, and government initiatives aimed at enhancing productivity and farmer welfare.

Q. What is the main agriculture in India?

The main agricultural activities in India include crop cultivation (such as rice, wheat, sugarcane), livestock rearing, dairy farming, and fisheries.

Q. Why is Indian agriculture important?

Indian agriculture is crucial for ensuring food security, providing livelihoods to a significant portion of the population, contributing to the economy, and preserving cultural heritage.

Q. What is the position of India in agriculture?

India ranks among the top agricultural producers globally, particularly in crops like rice, wheat, and pulses.

Q. Which state has the most agriculture in India?

The state with the highest agricultural output in India varies depending on the crop, but traditionally states like Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, and Maharashtra have significant agricultural activity.

Q. Who started agriculture in India?

Agriculture in India has ancient origins, dating back to the Indus Valley Civilization and other early civilizations in the region.

Q. How has the green revolution changed agriculture in India?

The Green Revolution brought about significant increases in agricultural productivity through the adoption of high-yielding varieties of seeds, modern irrigation techniques, and chemical fertilizers.

Q. What is sustainable agriculture?

Sustainable agriculture refers to farming practices that are environmentally responsible, economically viable, and socially equitable, aiming to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

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