Advent of Europeans – Modern History Notes
Coming of Europeans
European contact with India began with the arrival of Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama in 1498.
He established a sea route from Europe to India, which opened up new opportunities for trade and exchange between the two regions.
Over the next few centuries, other European powers such as the Dutch, French, and British also established a presence in India, seeking to tap into the country’s rich resources and abundant trade opportunities. This led to the establishment of colonial outposts and trading posts along the coast of India.
Struggle among Europeans for power capture in India
The competition for control over trade and territory in India was intense, with European powers vying for dominance in the region.
In 1602, the Dutch East India Company was established, which soon became a major player in the Indian Ocean trade network. The French East India Company was established in 1664 and established a strong presence in the Indian Ocean region. However, by the 18th century, Britain had emerged as the dominant European power in India.
The British East India Company, established in 1600, played a major role in Britain’s colonization of India. It gradually gained control over large parts of the country, and by the late 18th century, it controlled much of the subcontinent.
Rise of the East India Company
The East India Company was a British trading company that became the primary instrument of British domination of India.
- The company’s influence grew rapidly in the 17th and 18th centuries, as it established trading posts, gained control over territory, and became involved in local politics.
- By the late 18th century, the company had virtually gained control over much of India and it became the de facto ruler of the country.
- The company was known for its brutal tactics and exploitation of Indian resources, and it played a major role in shaping the economic and cultural landscape of India.
- For example, the company played a leading role in the opium trade with China, which had far-reaching consequences for both countries.
- The influence of the East India Company helped to lay the foundation for the eventual establishment of the British Empire in India.
We will read about the above in detail in the following articles:
- Coming of Europeans & British Conquest
- Struggle among Europeans
- Rise of East India Company
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